Machine Learning is a type of Artificial Intelligence(AI) that gives a system the ability to learn and improve automatically from the experiences without programming explicitly.
Machine learning uses two techniques, inductive and deductive. Deductive learning is based on the usage of existing facts and historical knowledge to deduce new knowledge and facts. While inductive machine learning deals with the creation of new programs by pattern matching and pattern analysis in the unseen data.
Machine Learning Steps:
To build a Machine Learning model, there are significant steps to be followed.
1. Get Data: Gather the data that you want to provide to the algorithm.
2. Clean, Prepare & Manipulate Data: Clean and prepare the data into the optimal format, extract important features, and perform the reduction of unnecessary data.
3. Train Model: The Machine Learning algorithm starts learning from the data gathered and prepared.
4. Test Data: The performance of the model is tested.
5. Improve: Some improvements are to be made to maximize the performance of the model.
Machine Learning Methods:
- Supervised learning: In supervised learning, the algorithm is trained on structured data, it allows the algorithm to know the relation between two points.
- Unsupervised learning: The algorithm is trained on unstructured data. The algorithm itself has to identify the patterns and trends within the data.
- Reinforcement learning: The dataset allows the algorithm to learn and improve itself by the trial-and-error method.
Advantages :
- Easily identifies the trends and patterns
- No human intervention needed
- Continuous improvement
- Handles multi-dimensional and multi-variate data
- Huge variety of applications
Disadvantages:
- Gathering large datasets which include biased and unbiased data to train models
- Machine Learning requires more time and resources
- Choosing the algorithms to get accurate results
- Machine Learning is highly susceptible to errors
Leveraging Machine Learning in fight against Covid-19
To control Covid-19, associations are applying their specialized skill in Machine learning and AI. These technologies are helping us better understand the Covid-19 crisis as they have enabled the systems to identify patterns and insights by feeding large volume of data to machines.
In the fight against COVID-19, affiliations have applied their machine learning fitness in a couple of districts: scaling customer correspondences, perceiving how the contamination spreads and quickening assessment and treatment.
All kinds of organization, whether small or large, public or private, are finding new ways to operate effectively so as to meet the needs of their customers and employees as social distancing and quarantine measures remain in place. Machine learning innovation is assuming a significant job in empowering this move by giving the devices to help remote correspondence, empower telemedicine, and ensure food security.
Medical services and government foundations are utilizing machine learning-empowered chatbots for contactless screening of COVID-19 indications and to respond to inquiries from general society. Clevy.io, a French start-up, is one such example, which has launched a chatbot to assist people seek out official government communications about COVID-19. Controlled by continuous data from the French government and the World Health Organization, the chatbot evaluates known side effects and answers inquiries regarding government approaches.
To maintain a strategic distance from any disturbance to the food flexibly chain, food processors and governments need to comprehend the present status of horticulture. Agri-tech fire up Mantle Labs is offering its forefront AI-driven harvest checking answer for retailers to give sureness to flexibly chains in the UK. The innovation surveys satellite pictures of yields to hail likely issues to ranchers and retailers at an opportune time so they can all the more likely oversee gracefully, obtainment and stock arranging. The platform deploys custom machine learning models to combine imagery from multiple satellites, enabling a near real-time assessment of agricultural conditions.
Machine learning is helping analysts and specialists in breaking down enormous datasets to estimate the spread of COVID-19, to go about as an early notice framework for future pandemics and to recognize powerless populaces. Researchers at the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub in California have built a model to know COVID-19 infections that go undetected and its consequences on the health of people. Utilizing machine learning and joining forces with the AWS Diagnostic Development Initiative, they have grown new strategies to measure undetected contaminations – breaking down how the infection changes as it spreads.
In the field of clinical imaging, specialists are utilizing machine learning to help perceive designs in pictures, improving the capacity of radiologists to demonstrate the likelihood of ailment and analyze it prior. UC San Diego Health has built another strategy to analyze pneumonia prior, a condition related with extreme COVID-19. This early recognition helps specialists rapidly treat patients to the proper degree of care even before a COVID-19 finding is affirmed. It is prepared with 22,000 documentations by human radiologists, and the machine learning calculation overlays x-beams with shading coded maps that show pneumonia likelihood. These techniques have now been sent to each chest x-beam and CT scan all through UC San Diego Health in a clinical examination study.
Machine learning is helping people make more informed decisions in the face of COVID-19. Machine learning has got the potential to help solve the biggest challenges of our world - and we can see it in the way the organizations are responding to this crisis. We can hope to find new ways by which machine learning can contribute in the fight against COVID-19.
